IPCC AR6报告解读：气候变化与人类健康

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2022.143

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

IPCC近期发布了第六次评估报告（AR6）第二工作组（WGII）报告《气候变化：影响、适应和脆弱性》,其中第7章“健康、福祉和不断变化的社区结构”评估了气候变化对人类健康和福祉的当前影响以及未来风险,提出了应对气候变化的解决方案和适应策略。报告明确指出,气候变化对气候敏感传染病和慢性非传染性疾病,以及精神心理健康等的威胁正在增加,并表现出复合暴露和连锁事件的风险,且预计未来风险还会随着全球变暖而进一步加剧。实施积极和有效的气候变化适应措施并快速采取行动,将会在很大程度上减少和避免气候变化导致的健康风险,但不会完全消除所有风险。报告凸显了气候变化健康影响的严重性和紧迫性,未来需要加大对健康领域适应气候变化的科技创新、规划、行动和资金支持。

关键词: 气候变化, 健康影响, 脆弱人群, 未来风险, 适应策略

Abstract:

IPCC Working Group II has recently released the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) of “Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability”, in which Chapter 7 “Health, wellbeing and the changing structure of communities” assessed the current impacts, and projected future risks of climate change for health and wellbeing, taking into consideration determinants of vulnerability and the dynamic structure of human populations and communities. Particular attention is given to potential adaptation challenges and actions, as well as the potential of co-benefits for health associated with mitigation actions. The report clearly shows that climate-related illnesses, premature deaths, malnutrition in all its forms, and threats to mental health and wellbeing, are increasing. Cascading and compounding risks affecting health due to extreme weather events have been observed in all inhabited regions, and risks are expected to increase with further warming. Sustainable and climate-resilient development that increases timely and effective adaptation and mitigation more broadly, has the potential to reduce but not necessarily eliminate climate change impacts on health and wellbeing. The AR6 report highlights the severity of health effects of climate crisis and the urgent need to increase scientific and technological innovation, planning, action and funding support in the field of climate change adaptation.

Key words: Climate change, Health impact, Vulnerable population, Projected risk, Adaptation strategy

黄存瑞, 刘起勇. IPCC AR6报告解读：气候变化与人类健康[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2022, 18(4): 442-451.

HUANG Cunrui, LIU Qiyong. Interpretation of IPCC AR6 on climate change and human health[J]. Climate Change Research, 2022, 18(4): 442-451.

图/表 1

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