应对气候变化南南合作物资赠送项目评估研究

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2020.291

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

应对气候变化南南合作物资赠送项目是中国气候变化南南合作的重要组成部分。该项目自2011年实施以来,进展顺利,影响深远。国家国际发展合作署组建后,对援外项目监管和评估提出了更加具体的要求,但相关理论和方法的研究仍处在起步阶段,尚不足以对实践形成有效支撑。本文立足援外改革要求,结合对历史项目进展及成效的回顾分析,研究提出了适用于处理非结构化项目信息的系统性评估方法,构建了包含战略政策与项目实施两个视角、兼顾项目效果与质量评估两个维度的三级评估指标体系,同时可为项目实施监管、经验反馈、效果提升、传播推广等提供可用工具。研究发现,截至2020年6月,中方已实施完成40次公开招标采购,落实了与29个合作国签署的应对气候变化南南合作物资赠送谅解备忘录,累计提供总价值逾5亿元人民币的应对气候变化物资。该项目在支持国家外交战略与政策实施、彰显国际责任,支持合作国应对气候变化与可持续发展,推动构建人类命运共同体等多方面取得务实成效,提升了中国气候变化南南合作在国际社会的影响力。但具体物资赠送项目的差异化特征突出、基础信息来源渠道复杂、信息化水平不足等因素仍在一定程度上制约了评估工作的可操作性和便捷性,以及评估结果服务项目监管的能力和效率。

关键词: 气候变化, 南南合作, 对外援助, 评估方法

Abstract:

The material donation project is an essential component of China’s South-South Cooperation on climate change. The project has made steady progress with considerable impact since 2011. After the establishment of China International Development Cooperation Agency, more specific requirements were put forward in the supervision and evaluation of foreign aid projects, but the research on related theories and methods is still in its infancy and is not yet sufficient to support the practice effectively. Based on the requirements of China’s foreign aid transformation, combined with the retrospective analysis of the historical projects, this article proposes a systematic evaluation method suitable for processing unstructured project information, which constructs a three-level evaluation index system, including two perspectives of strategic policies and project implementations, and two evaluation dimensions of project performance and quality assessments. This method may also provide useful tools for project implementation, monitoring, feedback, impact enhancement and promotion. As of June 2020, China has conducted 40 public tenders for government procurement, provided over 500 million CNY materials to respond to climate change, so as to support the implementation of MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) on donated materials for South-South climate change Cooperation signed with 29 partner countries. The project has produced tangible results by supporting the implementation of national diplomatic strategies and policies, demonstrating international responsibilities, assisting partner countries to address climate change and achieve SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), and promoting the building of a community with a shared future for humankind. It has also enhanced the impact of China’s South-South Cooperation on climate change in the international community. Nevertheless, factors such as the prominent differentiation of projects, intricate sources of information and inadequate level of informatization, restrict the operability and convenience of the evaluation work, as well as the ability and efficiency of the evaluation outcome to serve the project supervision.

Key words: Climate change, South-South Cooperation, Foreign aid, Evaluation method

于晓龙, 刘援. 应对气候变化南南合作物资赠送项目评估研究[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2021, 17(5): 608-620.

YU Xiao-Long, LIU Yuan. Evaluation of China’s material donation projects to address climate change within South-South Cooperation[J]. Climate Change Research, 2021, 17(5): 608-620.

图/表 9

图1 气候变化南南合作物资赠送项目评估研究思路注：SDG,可持续发展目标。

Fig. 1 Research approach on the evaluation of material donation projects to address climate change within South-South Cooperation

表1 项目中标企业及赠送物资种类

Table 1 Bid winning enterprises and donated materials category

表2 项目合作国所属地区、气候谈判阵营及项目与高层外交活动互动情况

Table 2 Regions and climate negotiation blocs which recipient countries belongs to and projects’ interaction with high-level diplomatic activities

表3 国际组织代表及合作国高层对中国气候变化南南合作的积极评价

Table 3 Positive feedback on China’s South-South Cooperation to address climate change from international organizations and recipient countries

表4 2011—2021年物资赠送项目的总体表现

Table 4 Overall performance in 2011-2021

表5 子项目评估指标体系

Table 5 Evaluation indices

图2 项目评估技术路线图

Fig. 2 Evaluation roadmap

表6 指标赋分及评估结果确定方法

Table 6 Method of indicators scoring and result determing

图3 示例项目测试评估结果雷达图

Fig. 3 Radar chart of project evaluation result sample

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