气候变化研究进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (3): 305-319.doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2022.193
收稿日期:
2022-08-18
修回日期:
2022-10-13
出版日期:
2023-05-30
发布日期:
2023-01-13
通讯作者:
胡姗,女,助理研究员,hushan@tsinghua.edu.cn
作者简介:
徐天昊,男,博士后
基金资助:
XU Tian-Hao, HU Shan(), YANG Zi-Yi, JIANG Yi
Received:
2022-08-18
Revised:
2022-10-13
Online:
2023-05-30
Published:
2023-01-13
摘要:
中国建筑领域用能亟需实现低碳能源转型。瑞典在经济合作与发展组织(OECD)国家中单位一次能耗碳排放强度和单位GDP碳排放强度皆为第二低,其低碳转型之路对于中国实现碳中和具有重要的参考意义。文中计算了瑞典建筑单位面积终端能耗强度与碳排放强度,结果表明瑞典建筑用能强度约为中国的2.3倍,而碳排放强度仅为中国的1/10。从建筑类别、建筑用能分项等多角度进一步展开对比研究,分析了瑞典建筑低碳转型采用的技术体系与政策机制,从优先节能理念、实现建筑电气化、减少建筑供热耗热量、构建零碳热源等方面提出了中国建筑领域实现碳中和的政策建议:我国需通过推广居民绿色生活方式、提倡“改善型”的室内环境营造理念避免未来建筑能耗出现显著增长,并通过建筑规范约束新建建筑保温性能、推进既有建筑节能改造等措施减少建筑采暖需热量,且需要促进各类余热资源和生物质燃料的收集与利用实现低碳供热,本文可为中国建筑部门低碳发展的战略规划提供参考借鉴。
徐天昊, 胡姗, 杨子艺, 江亿. 中国瑞典建筑碳排放对比及对中国建筑碳中和路径的启示[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2023, 19(3): 305-319.
XU Tian-Hao, HU Shan, YANG Zi-Yi, JIANG Yi. Carbon emission comparisons of the building sector between China and Sweden and its implication for achieving carbon neutrality in the building sector of China[J]. Climate Change Research, 2023, 19(3): 305-319.
图2 2019年中、瑞建筑的人均建筑面积(a),终端能耗强度(b)和碳排放强度(c)对比
Fig. 2 Comparison of living area per capita (a), primary energy use intensity (b), and carbon emission intensity (c) of building between China and Sweden in 2019
表3 2019年中、瑞电力结构和热力供应结构对比
Table 3 Comparison of energy supplies for the heating systems and total electricity production between China and Sweden in 2019
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