应对气候变化与保护生物多样性协同：全球实践与启示

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2022.150

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气候变化与生物多样性丧失是当前全球面临的两大热点和难点环境问题，二者协同推进的必要性和重要性也在全球范围内形成广泛共识。文中在总结我国“双碳”目标下应对气候变化与保护生物多样性协同的现状与挑战的基础上，对近年来各国应对气候变化和保护生物多样性协同方面的政策实践进行了系统梳理与总结，各主要国家近年来在战略规划、生态空间、绿色金融、科技创新等方面进行了大量实践探索以推动二者协同，在这些实践推动下，全球已逐渐将“碳中和”和“生物多样性”融入生态环境治理新格局、将基于自然的解决方案（NbS）作为二者协同领域最有效的新路径、将绿色金融和科技创新作为推动二者协同发展的新动力。鉴于此，我国在二者协同推进中亟需将生物多样性保护纳入双碳“1+N”政策体系，注重将基于自然的解决方案融入城镇化、乡村振兴等重大国家发展战略，鼓励引导绿色金融、数字科技支持二者协同的重点领域，提高公众认知和社会参与，以推进二者协同并助力我国成为全球生态治理的重要参与者、贡献者和引领者。

关键词: 气候变化, 生物多样性, 协同, 全球实践

Abstract:

Climate change and biodiversity loss are both important and intractable environmental problems, the synergistic promotion of which has become a global consensus. For this purpose, major countries have carried out a lot of practical explorations in strategic planning, ecological space, green finance, technological innovation and so on. China has also begun to pay attention to the synergy while vigorously pursuing the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. In order to become an important participant, contributor and leader in global ecological governance in the future, China should incorporate biodiversity conservation into its climate policy system, focus on incorporating NbS into national development strategies such as Urbanization and Rural Revitalization. And green finance and digital technology should be promoted. Besides, China should increase public awareness and social participation in the synergy.

Key words: Climate change, Biodiversity, Synergy, Global experience

侯一蕾, 邢方圆, 马丽, 杨鸣, 温亚利. 应对气候变化与保护生物多样性协同：全球实践与启示[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2023, 19(1): 91-101.

HOU Yi-Lei, XING Fang-Yuan, MA Li, YANG Ming, WEN Ya-Li. Addressing climate change and biodiversity conservation synergy: global practices and implications[J]. Climate Change Research, 2023, 19(1): 91-101.

图/表 3

表1 主要国家协同政策汇总

Table 1 Summary of major national coordinated policies

表2 基于自然的解决方案实践经验

Table 2 Practical experience on Natural-based Solutions

表3 绿色金融支持协同经验汇总

Table 3 Summary of green finance support collaborative experience

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