Abstract: As an intermediate conference between the Bali and Copenhagen conference, the Poznan conference of December 2008 not only comprehensively reviewed the implementation of Bali roadmap, but also prepared for the future Copenhagen negotiations; therefore it is an extremely important conference. Two negotiation camps, three major forces engaged in a struggle over the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities"and relevant issues, such as emission reduction target, adaptation, transfer of technologies, and finance support, etc. In 2009, the Obama administration fundamentally changed the position of the United States on climate change, thus moving close to the European Union. At the same time, the emerging powers become more prominent in the political situation, and some other nations also adjust according to their own interests. Obviously, China has been in a very critical position in the formation and development of international climate change regime. How to defense the interest of the whole developing countries, develop the image of responsible stakeholder and realize domestic low-carbon development still need to be seriously addressed.

Key words: Poznan conference, climate change, negotiation alliance, political structure