Abstract: China has taken a catching-up-type or rapid industrialization road since the reform and opening in 1978. With rapid economic growth, all kinds of resources and environmental problems, which normally arose in various phases over a 100-year course of industrialization in developed countries, have concentratedly appeared in China. Facing the bottlenecks of economic growth-the shortage of resources, environmental pollution, and climate change etc., China put forward specific targets of energy saving and emission reductions in the 11th Five-Year Plan. The article firstly outlines the background of setting energy saving and emission reductions targets in the 11th Five-Year Plan and analyzes the significance of controlling greenhouse gas emissions, then sums up achievements and difficulties in current energy conservation and emission reductions work, and finally puts forward policy suggestions for the development of a low-carbon economy in China.

Key words: energy saving and emission reductions, climate change, low-carbon economy