基于自然的解决方案：林业增汇减排路径、潜力与经济性评价

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2020.103

气候变化研究进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (2): 195-203.doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2020.103

基于自然的解决方案：林业增汇减排路径、潜力与经济性评价

田惠玲¹, 朱建华¹^,²^,³(), 李宸宇¹, 肖文发¹^,²^,³

1 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所/国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京 100091
2 国家林业和草原局长江经济带生态保护科技协同创新中心,北京 100091
3 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京 210037

收稿日期:2020-05-25 修回日期:2020-07-02 出版日期:2021-03-30 发布日期:2021-04-02
通讯作者: 朱建华
作者简介:田惠玲,女,博士研究生
基金资助:
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2019ZD001)

Nature-based Solution: potential and economic benefits of carbon removal or carbon emission reduction through forestry approaches

TIAN Hui-Ling¹, ZHU Jian-Hua¹^,²^,³(), LI Chen-Yu¹, XIAO Wen-Fa¹^,²^,³

1 Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry/Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
2 Scientific and Technological Collaborative Innovation Center for the Yangtze River Economic Belt Ecological Conservation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
3 Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2020-05-25 Revised:2020-07-02 Online:2021-03-30 Published:2021-04-02
Contact: ZHU Jian-Hua

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

林业作为实施“基于自然的解决方案（NbS）”的重要领域和路径选择,在落实NbS行动中越来越受到各国政府和专家学者的广泛支持。文中在回顾国内外NbS相关资料的基础上,总结分析了林业领域NbS的内涵和路径、国际和国内相关政策及已采取的措施,重点分析了林业NbS路径的减排潜力、成本与效益。从全球范围看,造林和再造林路径具有较高的技术减排潜力,而减少毁林和森林经营管理是相对更具有成本效益的增汇减排路径。中国对林业NbS的实践及科学研究等尚显不足,但已有的重大林业生态工程已经产生了显著的减排效益和经济效益。未来需要在林业NbS相关标准与计量体系建设、减排技术与经济潜力研究、激励与保障机制等政策研究,以及增强公众意识等方面进一步深化和发展。

关键词: 基于自然的解决方案（NbS), 林业路径, 减排, 经济性

Abstract:

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) in forestry sector, which are often chosen as the most important approaches to address climate change, have obtained increasing support from governments and scientists, and have been incorporated into relative international climate agreements. Based on an introduction to the concepts, approaches, policies and practices of NbS all over the world, mitigation potential and economic benefits of NbS in forestry sector are reviewed in this paper. Results show that afforestation/reforestation would has higher technical mitigation potential, while reducing deforestation and forest management are more cost-benefit mitigation approaches in forestry sector around the whole world. The practice and scientific research on NbS in forestry in China are still insufficient, but the existing major forestry ecological projects have produced significant emission reduction and economic benefits. It is necessary to further deepen and develop related standards and measurement system construction, research on emission reduction technologies and economic potential, as well as on incentive and guarantee mechanism, and enhancement of public awareness on NbS in forestry sector in China.

Key words: Nature-based Solutions (NbS), Forestry approach, Emission reduction, Economic benefit

田惠玲, 朱建华, 李宸宇, 肖文发. 基于自然的解决方案：林业增汇减排路径、潜力与经济性评价[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2021, 17(2): 195-203.

TIAN Hui-Ling, ZHU Jian-Hua, LI Chen-Yu, XIAO Wen-Fa. Nature-based Solution: potential and economic benefits of carbon removal or carbon emission reduction through forestry approaches[J]. Climate Change Research, 2021, 17(2): 195-203.

图/表 4

表1 林业领域NbS内涵

Tab.1 Connotation of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) in forestry sector

表2 基于林业领域NbS贡献纲要的减排潜力[14]

Table 2 Mitigation based on compendium of contributions in forestry NbS[14]

表3 2016—2050年不同政策情景下的毁林面积与排放量[16]

Table 3 Deforestation and associated emissions under alternative policy scenarios during 2016-2050[16]

表4 林业碳汇交易项目增汇减排情况[32]

Table 4 Carbon sinks and carbon emission reduction of forestry projects in emission trade markets[32]

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基于自然的解决方案：林业增汇减排路径、潜力与经济性评价

Nature-based Solution: potential and economic benefits of carbon removal or carbon emission reduction through forestry approaches

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