Abstract: In the last 100 years, the global climate and environment have greatly changed, which is characterized mainly by global warming. These changes have exerted prominent impacts on the climate and environment changes in China. More than 100 Chinese scientists in areas of climate change, environment, ecology, oceanography, economic and social sciences have assessed the climate and environment changes in China and their impacts on natural ecosystem and socio-economic sectors. On the basis of scientific assessment, response strategies to the adaptation and mitigation of climate change have been suggested. The present paper is extracted from the first part of this scientific assessment report, mainly dealing with the science of the climate and environment changes and the future projections of climate change.

Key words: climate change, environment change, future projections, China