关键词: 气候态, 气候变化, 气候检测, 南北差异

Abstract: Based on the yearly surface air temperature and yearly precipitation of 1353 meteorological stations over China from 1961 to 2012, characteristics of temperature and precipitation under four climate states change and the influence of climate monitoring in the north and the south of China are investigated. The results showed that, the climate states impact of climate warming is obvious, and the change of climate states make the climate analysis different in the north and the south of China. During the nearly 52 years, warming trend is obvious in the north of China, but weaker in the south of China. Under the I state, II state and III state, the annual mean temperature in the north and the south of China are both consistent increasing. But the annual mean temperature in the north of China is heat up faster than it in the south of China. The difference of annual precipitation in the north and the south of China is great over the 52 years. In the north of China, the annual precipitation appears weak “down - up - down – up” trend, but the annual variation of annual precipitation in the south of China is larger, the polynomial trend line shows “2 peaks and 3 valleys” Weather in the north or the south of China, the climate change makes the temperature level moves to the high level. And the climate state influence on temperature level in the north of China is also more obvious than the south of China.

Key words: climate state, climate change, climate monitoring, differences between the north and south of China