气候变化研究进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (2): 158-166.doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2018.134

• 气候变化影响 • 上一篇    下一篇

气候变化对水文季节性迁移的影响:以水库汛期分期和极值降水为例

章梦杰1,郭家力1(),林伟1,郭靖2,舒章康1,3,李英海1,张静文1   

  1. 1 三峡大学水利与环境学院,宜昌 443002
    2 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,杭州 310014
    3 南京水利科学研究院,南京 210029
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-08 修回日期:2018-11-27 出版日期:2019-03-30 发布日期:2019-03-30
  • 作者简介:章梦杰,女,硕士研究生, 1092487486@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51509141);梯级水电站运行与控制湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(2015KJX02);中国电建集团重大专项课题(DJ-ZDZX-2016-02-09);三峡大学学位论文培优基金项目资助(2019SSPY005)

The impacts of climate change on hydrologic seasonal shift: taking flood season division and extreme precipitation as examples

Meng-Jie ZHANG1,Jia-Li GUO1(),Wei LIN1,Jing GUO2,Zhang-Kang SHU1,3,Ying-Hai LI1,Jing-Wen ZHANG1   

  1. 1 College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
    2 Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Power China, Hangzhou 310014, China
    3 Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
  • Received:2018-10-08 Revised:2018-11-27 Online:2019-03-30 Published:2019-03-30

摘要:

气候变化影响下水利工程的可靠设计和安全运行是广大决策者、研究者和公众共同关注的热点问题。以清江流域为研究对象,首先采用模糊集合分析法对不同温室气体排放情景(A2、A1B和B1)下的逐日降水资料进行汛期分期,再通过广义极值分布(GEV)函数对各分期的极值降水序列进行频率分析。结果表明,降水季节性迁移直接影响汛期分期;3种排放情景下未来各时段(2011—2030年、2046—2065年和2080—2099年)的主汛期较基准期均推迟且有缩短趋势。对于极值降水量级,未来情景下明显小于基准期,且这种差距随着重现期的增大而增大;主汛期明显大于前汛期和后汛期,且在时段之间的差异明显大于排放情景之间的差异。

关键词: 气候变化, 汛期分期, 模糊集合, 季节性迁移, 广义极值(GEV)分布

Abstract:

Under the influence of climate change the reliable design and safe operation of hydraulic engineering has become a hot issue for decision makers, researchers and the public. Taking the Qingjiang River Basin as the research target, and using fuzzy set analysis method to classify the daily rainfall data generated under different greenhouse emission scenarios (e.g., A2, A1B and B1), the extreme precipitation series were simulated by generalized extreme value distribution (GEV) function. The results show that climate change has changed the precipitation structure, and its seasonal shift directly affects the flood season division. Under the three emission scenarios, the main flood season in the future will be postponed and shortened compared with the baseline period. The extreme precipitation in the future (e.g., 2011-2030, 2046-2065 and 2080-2099) is less than the baseline period, and this difference increases with the increase of the return period. The extreme precipitation in the main flood season is notably larger than that in the pre-flood season and post flood season. For extreme precipitation, the differences between periods are remarkably greater than those of emission scenarios.

Key words: Climate change, Flood season division, Fuzzy set, Seasonal shift, Generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution

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