Abstract: Climate and environment changes in China have impacted not only on the nature, but also on aspects of the society, economy and politics. On the basis of the scientific assessment, the advantages and disadvantages impacts of the climate and environment changes on China are discussed in various aspects, such as ecosystem, agriculture, soil degradation, industry, traffic, service, city, and living conditions. In addition, the impacts of climate change on the regional sustainable development have been assessed, and national strategies for adaptation and mitigation of climate and environment changes in China are put forward.

Key words: impact of climate change, advantages and disadvantages, adaptation and mitigation, China