Abstract:

The 28th Conference of the Parties (COP28) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has completed the first Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement, and has reached a package of key decisions dubbed the United Arab Emirates (UAE) Consensus. The Global Stocktake outcome upholds the effectiveness of the Paris Agreement mechanism, highlights the urgency of strengthening global mitigation actions with the 1.5°C temperature target, decides the framework for the global goal on adaptation, establishes loss and damage fund, emphasizes the issue of climate finance support gap, and clarifies the concept of climate finance. China has made important contributions to the achievement of the Global Stocktake outcome in terms of leadership diplomacy, climate governance concepts and climate change negotiations. The global climate multilateral process has shown following trends with the first Global Stocktake. The global climate governance has gradually become multi-channel, multi-disciplinary and target-oriented. Geopolitics has exacerbated green trade barriers. Developing countries’ positions are increasingly fragmented. Countries will take climate action in the mode of “NDC+” under the Paris Agreement, and continuously update and enhance their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) in accordance with new requirements. It is recommended that China need further take into account both the domestic and international imperatives, grasp the trend of global green development, actively fulfill our obligations under the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement, strengthen the climate change-related research and capacity building, and make holistic planning and coordination for COP29 in advance.

Key words: Climate change, Paris Agreement Global Stocktake, Global climate governance, Climate negotiation