将适应气候变化纳入国土空间规划：进展、困境与思路

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2021.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

空间规划是适应气候变化的重要政策工具之一,将适应气候变化目标纳入空间规划已经成为国际主流政策。中国适应气候变化的空间规划仍面临诸多问题和挑战,包括气候适应目标和理念薄弱、气候变化风险评估与空间规划尺度不匹配、适应和减缓策略的协同机制欠缺、技术标准和法律法规不完善等。文章结合国家适应气候变化战略和国土空间规划体系重构的目标要求,研究提出适应气候变化导向的国土空间规划框架体系和技术思路,以及将适应气候变化纳入空间规划编制审批、技术标准、实施监督以及法规政策等各个环节的思路与建议,以期通过空间规划的编制与监督实施促进适应气候变化目标的实现。

关键词: 适应气候变化, 气候变化风险评估, 空间规划

Abstract:

Spatial planning is one of the important policy tools to adapt to climate change. It has become an international mainstream policy to integrate the objectives of adaptation to climate change into spatial planning. There are still many problems and challenges in China’s spatial planning to adapt to climate change, including weak objectives and concepts of climate adaptation, mismatch between climate change risk assessment and spatial planning scale, lack of coordination mechanism of adaptation and mitigation strategies, imperfection technical standards, laws and regulations, etc. Combining with the national strategy of adapting to climate change and the objective requirements of the reconstruction of territorial spatial planning system, this paper studies and puts forward the framework system and technical ideas of territorial spatial planning oriented by adapting to climate change, as well as the ideas and suggestions of integrating adaptation to climate change into the compilation and approval, technical standards, implementation supervision, laws and policies of spatial planning, in order to promote the realization of the goal of adaptation to climate change through the compilation and supervision of spatial planning.

Key words: Adaptation to climate change, Climate change risk assessment, Spatial planning

武占云. 将适应气候变化纳入国土空间规划：进展、困境与思路[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2021, 17(5): 559-569.

WU Zhan-Yun. Integrating adaptation to climate change into territorial spatial planning: progress, dilemma and strategy[J]. Climate Change Research, 2021, 17(5): 559-569.

图/表 5

图1 空间规划实施对气候环境和气候风险的影响

Fig. 1 Impact of spatial planning implementation on climate environment and climate risk

表1 气候适应性规划、空间规划、防灾减灾规划的编制思路与重点

Table 1 Compilation ideas and key points of climate adaptability planning, spatial planning and disaster prevention and mitigation planning

图2 适应气候变化导向的国土空间规划框架体系

Fig. 2 Framework system of territorial spatial planning oriented by adapting to climate change

图3 加强国土空间用途分区的气候变化风险评估

Fig. 3 Strengthening climate change risk assessment of territorial spatial use zoning

表2 适应气候变化的空间规划相关技术内容和标准

Table 2 Technical contents and standards of spatial planning for climate change adaptation

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