Trends of precipitation and characteristics of wetness-dryness encountering in the water source and receiving areas of the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2024.131

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the daily precipitation data from 274 national meteorological stations in the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project area from 1961 to 2022, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of annual and seasonal precipitation in the water source and receiving areas were analyzed, as well as the characteristics of the encounter between dryness and wetness in the two areas. The results show that in the past 62 years, the precipitation in the water source area of the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project showed an increasing trend, while the trend of precipitation in the water receiving area was not significant. The seasonal precipitation of summer and winter in both water source area and receiving area increased. The precipitation of spring and autumn in water source area increased while that in water receiving area decreased. The frequency of dryness in water source area was lower than that in water receiving area in spring, summer, and autumn. The frequency of dryness in water source area showed a decreasing trend, while the frequency of wetness showed an increasing trend. The asynchronous frequency of annual and seasonal precipitation in the water source area and receiving area was above 60%, which was much higher than the synchronous frequency. The five types of dryness-wetness encountering favorable for water transfer occurred at a frequency of over 50% in spring, summer, and autumn. In general, the precipitation in water source and receiving areas of the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project had a strong compensatory effect, and the frequency of dryness-wetness encountering favorable for water transfer increased after 1971, ensuring the possibility of water supply. However, the frequency of continuous dryness years in water source area was high. Therefore, it is necessary to consider climate changes of precipitation in water source and receiving areas in the planning, design, and operation scheduling of the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project.

Key words: Precipitation, Wetness-dryness encountering, The west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, Water source area, Water receiving area

WANG Rong, DU Xiao-Zhong, CHAO Qing-Chen, ZHAO Shan-Shan, YE Dian-Xiu, LI Xiu-Cang, LI Ying, ZHANG Meng-Ran. Trends of precipitation and characteristics of wetness-dryness encountering in the water source and receiving areas of the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project[J]. Climate Change Research, 2024, 20(5): 571-580.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1 Distribution of water source area, water receiving area, and national meteorological observation stations in the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project

Table 1 Standards of wetness, normal, and dryness

Fig. 2 Spatial distributions of long-term mean precipitation (a) and trend of precipitation (b) of the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project during 1961-2022

Fig. 3 Annual variations of precipitation in the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project during 1961-2022

Fig. 4 Seasonal precipitation of the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project during 1961-2022

Fig. 5 Annual variation of seasonal precipitation in the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in the four seasons during 1961-2022

Fig. 6 Spatial distribution of trends of seasonal precipitation in the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in the four seasons during 1961-2022

Table 2 Seasonal and annual wetness and dryness frequency of the water source area and water receiving area of the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project during 1961-2022 %

Fig. 7 Decadal frequency of dryness and wetness of the water source area (a) and water receiving area (b) in the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project

Table 3 Continuous dry years in the water source area and the corresponding conditions in the water receiving area of the west route of the South-North Water Transfer Project during 1961-2022

Table 4 Seasonal and annual synchrony and asynchrony frequency of precipitation in the water source and receiving areas of the west route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project during 1961-2022 %

Fig. 8 Decadal frequency of asynchronous precipitation and favorable water transfer conditions in the west route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

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