关键词: 纯电动汽车, 燃料周期, 节能, 减排, 碳排放

Abstract: Based on fuel-cycle method, this paper tries to conduct a quantitative analysis on the energy and environmental performances of battery electric vehicle (BEV) in China. Four critical indicators, energy consumption, CO₂, NO_x and SO₂ emission, are selected for the comparison of the performances of BEV, internal combustive engineering vehicle (ICEV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) in 2010 and 2020. The findings show that in 2010, the diffusion of BEV could reduce energy consumption and CO₂ emission, but BEV’s fuel-cycle NO_x and SO₂ emissions are higher than fuel-engined vehicles’ (both ICEV and HEV) by 50% at least. In 2020, if the targets in government planning are reached, BEV’s fuel-cycle energy consumption and CO₂ emission could be reduced by around 30% and its NO_x and SO₂ emissions could be reduced by around 80% compared with its counterpart in 2010. However, BEV’s fuel-cycle CO₂, NO_x and SO₂ emissions are still higher than HEV’s as a result of several reasons. In the end, policy recommendations for how to improve BEV’s energy and environmental performances are proposed, such as integrating the deployment of BEV into the progress of desulfurization and denitrification in electricity system, the management policy for automobiles should be based on vehicles’ energy efficiency, and so on.

Key words: battery electric vehicle, fuel cycle, energy conservation, pollutant reduction, carbon emission