广东省废弃物处理领域甲烷排放特征与管理现状分析

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2023.110

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为系统了解广东省废弃物处理领域甲烷（CH₄）排放特征和管理现状，对2010—2020年广东固体废弃物、废水处理的CH₄排放量进行核算，并基于排放结果对广东CH₄管理现状进行分析，结果表明：2010—2020年CH₄排放占广东废弃物处理温室气体排放的七成以上，主要来自固体废弃物填埋处理CH₄排放。废弃物处理领域CH₄总排放增势在“十三五”期间实现扭转，其中2020年广东固体废弃物填埋处理CH₄排放分别较2018和2010年减少排放约38.1万t和1.3万t，而废水处理CH₄排放总体仍然呈现上升趋势，广东废弃物处理甲烷排放管理工作取得了一定成效。此外，建议政府管理部门通过出台甲烷减排行动方案、完善废弃物处理甲烷减排管理机制、持续提升废弃物处理设施运营管理水平等措施，助力我国和广东在“双碳”目标下不断深化甲烷减排工作。

关键词: 废弃物处理, 甲烷排放, 排放管控政策, 广东省

Abstract:

In order to systematically understand the characteristics and management status of methane (CH₄) emissions in Guangdong’s municipal waste disposal sector, the CH₄ emissions of solid waste landfill disposal, domestic sewage treatment and industrial wastewater treatment in 2010-2020 in Guangdong province were calculated, and the implementation of control policies in Guangdong was analyzed based on the emission results. Results indicated that from 2010 to 2020, CH₄ emissions accounted for more than 70% in the field of municipal waste disposal in Guangdong, mainly from solid waste landfill disposal. Although CH₄ emissions from wastewater treatment still showed an upward trend, the increase in CH₄ emissions from solid waste landfill treatment in Guangdong has been initially reversed, and the emissions in 2020 were reduced by about 381 and 13 kt respectively compared with 2018 and 2010. The growth trend of CH₄ emissions in the field of waste treatment was reversed during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period, denoting that Guangdong’s waste treatment CH₄emission management work has achieved certain results. In addition, in order to deepen the national and provincial CH₄ emission reduction action under the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, measures such as issuing an integrated CH₄ emission reduction plan, refining the CH₄ emission reduction management mechanism of municipal waste disposal and continuously improving the operation and management level of waste treatment facilities were also strongly recommended to the governments.

Key words: Municipal waste disposal, CH₄ emissions, Emission control policy, Guangdong province

李易熹, 王霄, 许鸿伟, 廖程浩, 张永波. 广东省废弃物处理领域甲烷排放特征与管理现状分析[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2023, 19(5): 582-591.

LI Yi-Xi, WANG Xiao, XU Hong-Wei, LIAO Cheng-Hao, ZHANG Yong-Bo. Analysis on CH₄ emission characteristics and control policies of municipal waste disposal in Guangdong province[J]. Climate Change Research, 2023, 19(5): 582-591.

图/表 4

图1 广东省生活垃圾成分比例

Fig. 1 Proportion of municipal waste components in Guangdong province

图2 2010—2020年广东固体废弃物填埋处理(a)，生活污水处理(b)，工业废水处理(c)和废弃物处理领域(d) CH4排放变化

Fig. 2 Changes of CH4 emissions in Guangdong during 2010-2020. (a) Solid waste landfill disposal, (b) domestic sewage treatment, (c) industrial wastewater treatment, and (d) municipal waste disposal sector

图3 2010—2020年广东废弃物处理温室气体排放变化(a) 废弃物处理，(b)固体废弃物处理和(c)废水处理

Fig. 3 Changes of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from municipal waste disposal sector in Guangdong during 2010-2020. (a) Municipal waste disposal, (b) solid waste disposal, and (c) wastewater treatment

图4 2010—2020年广东废弃物处理领域人均CH4排放强度变化

Fig. 4 Changes in CH4 emission intensity per capita from municipal waste disposal sector in Guangdong during 2010-2020

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