气候变化研究进展 ›› 2013, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (2): 144-149.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1719.2013.02.010

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美国碳排放权交易体系评析

温岩1,刘长松2,罗勇3, 4   

  1. 1. 南京信息工程大学
    2. 国家应对气候变化战略研究和国际合作中心
    3. 中国气象局国家气候中心
    4. 清华大学地球系统科学研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2012-08-21 修回日期:2013-01-21 出版日期:2013-03-30 发布日期:2013-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 温岩 E-mail:wyenan2010@126.com

Review and Analysis on U. S. Carbon Emissions Trading System

Wen Yan1, Liu Changsong2, Luo Yong3, 4   

  1. 1 School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology
    2 National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation of China
    3 National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration
    4 Center for Earth System Science/Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University
  • Received:2012-08-21 Revised:2013-01-21 Online:2013-03-30 Published:2013-03-30

摘要: 通过评析当前美国最主要的两类碳排放交易体系——自愿减排和总量控制与交易体系的发展现状与前景得到,自愿减排终因需求不足而难以维系,只有建立碳排放的总量控制与交易体系,才能进行持续的碳交易,完成减碳目标。借鉴美国区域温室气体行动、西部气候倡议和加州总量控制与交易体系的经验,建议中国选择具有一定基础的省份或行业试行总量控制与交易体系,初期排放配额的分配以免费发放为主,拍卖为辅,并严格控制碳抵消的数量和范围等,然后再逐步过渡到拍卖方式。

关键词: 美国, 碳排放权交易体系, 总量控制与交易体系

Abstract: The current status and development prospects of two major carbon emissions trading systems in the U. S., namely voluntary emission reduction and cap-and-trade system, are reviewed in this paper. Voluntary emission reduction is hard to maintain due to lack of sufficient demand. In order to achieve the carbon reduction targets, the cap-and-trade system should be established to keep continuous carbon trading. Based on the experience from the U. S. Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, the Western Climate Initiative and California’s cap-and-trade system, it is suggested that China should have a trial implement of cap-and-trade system firstly in some provinces and industries with suitable conditions; in the beginning, free emission allowance should dominate, supplemented by auction, with restriction of the quantity and scope of carbon offsets. Then it gradually transited to full auction.

Key words: United States of America, carbon emissions trading system, cap-and-trade system

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