关键词: 美国, 碳排放权交易体系, 总量控制与交易体系

Abstract: The current status and development prospects of two major carbon emissions trading systems in the U. S., namely voluntary emission reduction and cap-and-trade system, are reviewed in this paper. Voluntary emission reduction is hard to maintain due to lack of sufficient demand. In order to achieve the carbon reduction targets, the cap-and-trade system should be established to keep continuous carbon trading. Based on the experience from the U. S. Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, the Western Climate Initiative and California’s cap-and-trade system, it is suggested that China should have a trial implement of cap-and-trade system firstly in some provinces and industries with suitable conditions; in the beginning, free emission allowance should dominate, supplemented by auction, with restriction of the quantity and scope of carbon offsets. Then it gradually transited to full auction.

Key words: United States of America, carbon emissions trading system, cap-and-trade system