绿色交通目标下集装箱“公转铁”的CO2减排潜力评估

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2019.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高集装箱“公转铁”减排潜力评估结果的准确性,在分析“公转铁”减排原理的基础上,综合考虑空箱调运和重箱运输“门到门”运输链的干线运输、端点装卸、电力设备作业、集卡短驳、公铁中转等排放,引入反映活动类型、设备结构、能源生命周期排放的参数,对作业活动-方式结构-能耗强度-排放因子（ASIF）方法进行改进,建立“公转铁”减排潜力评估框架。以义乌—宁波港域出口集装箱运输为例,通过实地调研和公开文献获取数据,进行实证研究。结果表明,如果忽略必要因素将会导致每TEU运输需求“公转铁”的CO₂减排率被高估0.50~36.73个百分点;最佳“公转铁”情景可减排3.42万t CO₂,相应减排率为13.58%。研究结果可为政府相关部门客观评估“公转铁”的减排潜力、制定有效的“公转铁”政策措施提供理论支持。

关键词: 集装箱运输, 货运方式转移, ASIF方法, CO₂减排, 运输链

Abstract:

An assessment framework was established to improve the estimation accuracy of emission reduction potential of shifting containers from road to rail (SRR), based on the analysis of SRR’s emission reduction principle. To this end, the activity-modal structure-energy intensity-emission factor (ASIF) methodology was revised by integrating the parameters of activity type, emission category, equipment structure, and energies’ life-cycle emission factor, which considered the emissions from main haulage, loading and unloading, operations by electric vehicles and equipment, pre- and post-haulage, transshipment between road and rail for the door-to-door transport chain of both empty and loaded container movement. Then, the export container transportation between Yiwu and Ningbo Port Area was taken for case study, and the input data was collected by use of face-to-face interview and published literature. The results showed that the emission reduction rate of CO₂ for one TEU SRR of transport demand would be overestimated by 0.50-36.73 percentage points, when necessary factors are ignored. In the best-case SRR scenario, the CO₂ emissions will be reduced by 34.2 kt with a reduction rate of 13.58%. The findings could provide theoretical support for the relevant government departments to objectively evaluate SRR’s emission reduction potential and to make efficient SRR policy measures.

Key words: Container transportation, Freight modal shift, Activity-modal structure-energy intensity-emission factor (ASIF) methodology, CO₂ reduction, Transport chain

陶学宗,吴琴,尹传忠. 绿色交通目标下集装箱“公转铁”的CO₂减排潜力评估[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2019, 15(6): 660-669.

Xue-Zong TAO,Qin WU,Chuan-Zhong YIN. CO₂ reduction potential of shifting containers from road to rail for green transport development[J]. Climate Change Research, 2019, 15(6): 660-669.

图/表 9

图1 货物“公转铁”的CO2减排原理

Fig. 1 The principle of CO2 reduction for shifting goods from road to rail

表1 公路和铁路集装箱运输链的差异

Table 1 Difference of container transport by road and rail

图2 义乌—宁波港域出口箱运输作业流程

Fig. 2 Operation process of export container transportation between Yiwu and Ningbo Port area

表2 运输活动数据

Table 2 Data of freight activity

表3 设备结构数据

Table 3 Structure of vehicles and equipment %

表4 能耗强度数据

Table 4 Energy intensity of vehicles and equipment

表5 运输需求为1 TEU时“公转铁”的减排潜力

Table 5 Emission reduction potential of road-to-rail modal shift for one TEU transport demand

表6 既有相关研究CO2排放强度比较

Table 6 Comparison of emission intensity from existing related researches

图3 义乌—宁波出口箱“公转铁”情景分析

Fig. 3 Scenario analysis on road-to-rail modal shift for Yiwu-Ningbo export container

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绿色交通目标下集装箱“公转铁”的CO₂减排潜力评估

CO₂ reduction potential of shifting containers from road to rail for green transport development

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