1975—2016年秦巴山区极端气温事件的空间差异性分析

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2017.198

气候变化研究进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (4): 362-370.doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2017.198

1975—2016年秦巴山区极端气温事件的空间差异性分析

香薇¹,程志刚¹(),周波涛^2,³,宾昕¹,冯冬蕾^1,⁴

1 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,成都 610225
2 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京 210044
3 中国气象局国家气候中心,北京 100081
4 辽宁省桓仁满族自治县气象局,本溪 117200

收稿日期:2017-09-25 修回日期:2018-02-10 出版日期:2018-07-30 发布日期:2018-07-30
通讯作者: 程志刚 E-mail:chengzg@cuit.edu.cn
作者简介:香薇,女,硕士研究生,634440241@qq.com
基金资助:
国家科技基础资源调查专项(2017FY100903)

Spatial heterogeneity of temperature extremes in the Qinling-Daba Mountains region in 1975-2016

Wei XIANG¹,Zhi-Gang CHENG¹(),Bo-Tao ZHOU^2,³,Xin BIN¹,Dong-Lei FENG^1,⁴

1 College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology and The Key Laboratory of Plateau Atmosphere and Environment of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610225, China
2 Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
3 National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
4 Huanren Manchu Autonomous County Meteorological Burea, Benxi 117200, China

Received:2017-09-25 Revised:2018-02-10 Online:2018-07-30 Published:2018-07-30
Contact: Zhi-Gang CHENG E-mail:chengzg@cuit.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用秦巴山区88个气象站1975—2016年的逐日气温数据,结合16个极端气温指数分析了秦巴山区极端气温阈值的空间分布及极端气温事件变化趋势的海拔依赖性。结果表明：极端气温阈值存在明显的空间分布差异,表现为极端低温阈值与极端高温阈值由西北向东南均有增温趋势;总体来看,极端气温暖事件（SU25、TR20、TX90P、TN90P、WSDI）增加幅度大于冷事件（FD0、ID0、TX10P、TN10P、CSDI）减少幅度,且变化趋势较冷事件更显著;全区霜冻日数、夏日日数、冷夜日数、暖昼日数及高温极值（TXx、TXn）变化均比较显著;区域作物生长期西部增长趋势较东部显著,多数站点变化幅度在3~6 d/10a之间;海拔越高发生极端低温事件的气温越低,极端低温阈值变化趋势为-0.36℃/100m;海拔越低发生极端高温事件的气温越高,极端高温变化趋势达0.5℃/100m,且均通过99%的信度检验;区域极端气温极值指数的变化趋势与海拔呈显著正相关,具有明显的海拔依赖性,表现为海拔越高,极值指数增加趋势越明显。

关键词: 秦巴山区, 极端阈值, 极端气温, 海拔依赖性

Abstract:

Based on the daily temperature data of 88 meteorological stations in the Qinling-Daba Mountains from 1975 to 2016 and the 16 extreme temperature indices, the spatial distribution of extreme temperature thresholds and the elevation dependence of extreme temperature events were analyzed. The results show that there exist obvious differences in spatial distribution of the extreme temperature threshold, it shows that the cold extreme temperature threshold reduces from the northwest to the southeast while the hot one is opposite. On the whole, the increase of warm extreme events (SU25、TR20、TX90P、TN90P、WSDI) are greater than the decrease of cold events (FD0、ID0、TX10P、TN10P、CSDI) in range. The trend of frost days, cool nights, summer days, warm days and high temperature extremum (TXx、TXn) are obvious in the whole area. The increase of growing season length in the western region are more significant, the change rates of most stations range from 3 to 6 d per decade. The cold extreme temperature threshold is positively correlated with altitude by ?0.36℃/100m while the hot one by 0.5℃/100m. It is significant in positive correlation between the trend of extremal indices and altitude and it has obvious altitude dependence. With the elevation of altitude, the trends of extremal indices increase more obvious.

Key words: Qinling-Daba Mountains region, Extreme threshold, Extreme temperature, Altitude dependence

香薇,程志刚,周波涛,宾昕,冯冬蕾. 1975—2016年秦巴山区极端气温事件的空间差异性分析[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2018, 14(4): 362-370.

Wei XIANG,Zhi-Gang CHENG,Bo-Tao ZHOU,Xin BIN,Dong-Lei FENG. Spatial heterogeneity of temperature extremes in the Qinling-Daba Mountains region in 1975-2016[J]. Climate Change Research, 2018, 14(4): 362-370.

图/表 9

图1 秦巴山区气象站点分布.

Fig. 1 Distribution of meteorological stations in the Qinling-Daba Mountains region .

表1 极端气温指数的定义

Table 1 Definition of extreme temperature indices

图2 秦巴山区极端气温阈值的空间分布.

Fig. 2 Spatial distribution of extreme temperature threshold in the Qinling-Daba Mountains region.

图3 1975—2016年秦巴山区极端气温绝对指数趋势的空间分布.

Fig. 3 Spatial distribution in trend of absolute exponential extreme temperature in the Qinling-Daba Mountains region from 1975 to 2016.

图4 1975—2016年秦巴山区极端气温相对指数趋势的空间分布.

Fig. 4 Spatial distribution in trend of relative extreme temperature in the Qinling-Daba Mountains region from 1975 to 2016.

图5 1975—2016年秦巴山区极端气温极值指数趋势的空间分布.

Fig. 5 Spatial distribution in trend of extremal indices of annual extreme temperature events in the Qinling-Daba Mountains region from 1975 to 2016.

图6 1975—2016年秦巴山区极端气温其他指数趋势的空间分布.

Fig. 6 Spatial distribution in trend of other indices of annual extreme temperature events in the Qinling-Daba Mountains region from 1975 to 2016.

图7 极端气温阈值与海拔关系.

Fig. 7 The relationship between extreme temperature threshold and altitude.

图8 极值指数与海拔关系.

Fig. 8 The relationship between extremal indices and altitude.

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1975—2016年秦巴山区极端气温事件的空间差异性分析

Spatial heterogeneity of temperature extremes in the Qinling-Daba Mountains region in 1975-2016

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