关键词: 碳捕集、利用与封存（CCUS）, 监管法律, 国际经验, 政策评估

Abstract: Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is an important technological pathway for achieving deep decarbonization and carbon neutrality. Its large-scale development and risk control depend on a stable and predictable regulatory legal framework. The full-chain, long-cycle and cross-regional characteristics of CCUS pose distinctive regulatory challenges for defining the legal status of CO₂, determining ownership of pore space for storage, allocating long-term liability and coordinating cross-departmental approval procedures. China’s CCUS regulatory legal framework has made positive progress in policy support, standard development, environmental management and demonstration practices. However, further improvement is still needed in dedicated legislation, definition of key property rights, long-term liability arrangements and full-cycle regulation. International experience shows that CCUS regulatory systems are gradually forming full-cycle institutional frameworks covering project access, operational regulation, post-closure management and cross-regional coordination. Based on this, this paper proposes policy implications regarding institutional development, standards and accounting, project management and cross-regional governance, so as to provide reference for improving China’s CCUS regulatory legal framework.

Key words: Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS), Regulatory law, International experience, Policy evaluation