气候转型金融标准的国际实践及中国路径

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2024.287

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高碳行业低碳转型是应对气候变化的关键，气候转型金融为高碳行业大规模融资提供支持。国际组织和金融机构正积极倡议并制定相关标准，而我国气候转型金融标准的制定处于起步阶段。文中基于国内外气候转型金融标准的实践，系统梳理了其在方法选择、遵循原则、支持对象、覆盖行业及金融工具5个方面的经验，提出在构建多维度气候转型金融标准体系的基础上，从国家、地方、行业3个层面提出适配我国低碳发展需求的国家气候转型金融标准建议。最后，指出转型金融标准制定的关键要素及实施建议，旨在减缓气候变化，推动“双碳”目标达成。

关键词: 气候变化, 气候转型金融, 金融标准, 公正转型

Abstract:

The low-carbon transition of high-carbon industries is the key to addressing climate change, and climate transition finance provides support for large-scale financing of high-carbon industries. International organizations and financial institutions are actively advocating and formulating relevant standards, and the formulation of financial standards for climate transition in China is in its infancy. Based on the practice of climate transition finance standards at home and abroad, this paper systematically sorts out their experiences in five aspects: method selection, principles to be followed, support objects, industries covered and financial instruments, and proposes to build a multi-dimensional climate transition finance standard system, and puts forward suggestions on national climate transition finance standards that meet China’s low-carbon development needs from the national, local and industry levels. Finally, it points out the key elements of the formulation of transitional financial standards and the implementation suggestions, aiming to mitigate climate change and promote the achievement of the “dual carbon” goal.

Key words: Climate change, Climate transition finance, Financial standards, Just transition

李慧慧, 齐明, 孙仁金. 气候转型金融标准的国际实践及中国路径[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2025, 21(3): 428-439.

LI Hui-Hui, QI Ming, SUN Ren-Jin. International practices and Chinese path of climate transition finance standards[J]. Climate Change Research, 2025, 21(3): 428-439.

图/表 7

表1 主要气候转型金融标准

Table 1 Main climate transition finance standards

表2 原则法和目录法的比较

Table 2 Comparison of principles and catalog approaches

表3 气候转型金融标准遵循的原则

Table 3 Climate transition finance standard principles

表4 气候转型金融标准支持对象

Table 4 Climate transition finance standard support recipients

表5 主要转型金融目录覆盖的行业

Table 5 Sectors covered by major transformation finance catalogs

表6 气候转型金融工具标准

Table 6 Standards for climate transformational financial instruments

图1 气候转型金融标准的体系与内容

Fig. 1 System and content of financial standards for climate transition

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