关键词: 气候变化应对, 全球气候治理, 公众参与, 范式转型, 中国路径

Abstract:

Public participation is a critical mechanism for enhancing the effectiveness and legitimacy of climate change responses. The “Nationally Determined Contributions+Global Stocktake” framework established by the Paris Agreement has driven global climate governance from a top-down, state-dominated model toward a bottom-up, multi-stakeholder collaborative and action-oriented approach, with public participation playing an increasingly prominent role in mitigation, adaptation, and climate risk governance. A combination of bibliometric and normative analysis is employed to systematically examine the paradigm evolution, practical challenges, and pathway choices of public participation in global climate governance. The findings reveal are as follows. Public participation in global climate governance is undergoing a transformation from the old paradigm characterized by state dominance and marginalized participation to a new paradigm featuring institutionalization, digitalization, and action orientation, though the transition faces structural dilemmas including polarized individual expression, imbalanced multi-stakeholder coordination, and participation inequality. The formation of the new paradigm depends on the collective impetus of institutional space expansion anchored by the Paris Agreement, socialization of climate risks, and digital technology empowerment. While providing pathways and value references for other countries, China should deepen localized and institutionalized public participation pathways by improving public participation systems, strengthening climate risk communication, promoting community-level adaptation actions, building digital participation platforms, and enhancing public climate literacy. This research provides theoretical references and policy insights for improving public participation mechanisms in climate change responses.

Key words: Climate change response, Global climate governance, Public participation, Paradigm transformation, Chinese pathway