气候变化缓解和生物多样性保护的空间协同优化布局——以丽水市为例

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2026.081

气候变化研究进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 549-563.doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2026.081

气候变化缓解和生物多样性保护的空间协同优化布局——以丽水市为例

王集春¹, 王爱华², 黄金丽², 张丰³, 李仁强¹(), 武建勇⁴, 喻舒琳¹, 宁乐华¹, 刘蕾², 仲子玉⁵

¹ 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观与模拟重点实验室，北京 100101
² 生态环境部对外合作与交流中心，北京 100035
³ 丽水市环境科学研究中心，丽水 323000
⁴ 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所，南京 210042
⁵ 青岛理工大学建筑与城乡规划学院，青岛 266033

收稿日期:2026-04-01 修回日期:2026-05-11 出版日期:2026-07-30 发布日期:2026-07-15
通讯作者: 李仁强，男，副研究员，renqiangli@igsnrr.ac.cn
作者简介:王集春，男，硕士研究生
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2023YFF0805903);国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”重点专项(2024YFE0198602);丽水市生态环境局“基于自然的解决方案生物多样性保护和气候变化缓解协同示范项目”

From global goals to local action: identifying synergistic spaces for climate-biodiversity co-benefits in Lishui, China

WANG Ji-Chun¹, WANG Ai-Hua², HUANG Jin-Li², ZHANG Feng³, LI Ren-Qiang¹(), WU Jian-Yong⁴, YU Shu-Lin¹, NING Le-Hua¹, LIU Lei², ZHONG Zi-Yu⁵

¹ Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
² Foreign Environmental Cooperation Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100035, China
³ Lishui Institute of Environmental Science, Lishui 323000, China
⁴ Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
⁵ School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China

Received:2026-04-01 Revised:2026-05-11 Online:2026-07-30 Published:2026-07-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为构建一套适用于地方实践的多目标空间协同优化与治理框架，以浙江丽水市为例，基于集成物种分布模型与系统保护规划平台，模拟了生物多样性-碳储量、生物多样性-碳汇及三者协同3种情景，据各情景在空间的重叠度划分出生态基底区、功能优化区与重点强化区3类协同治理区。结果表明：3类治理区在空间分布、生态内涵与管理导向上差异显著。在空间格局上，生态基底区分布偏重区域西部，功能优化区和重点强化区偏重区域南部与东部。在生态特征上，生态基底区为成熟稳定的生态系统，碳库规模庞大；功能优化区是处于生长恢复阶段的生态系统，碳汇增长潜力突出；重点强化区为稳定且有活力的生态系统，物种丰富，兼具高碳储量与高碳汇能力。据此，在管理导向上，地方未来在空间规划格局上应逐步构建“绿色转型-恢复提升-智慧管控”的差异化治理策略体系，分区实施生态保值转型、生态修复增值与精准正向干预等差异化管理措施。

关键词: 气候变化缓解, 生物多样性保护, 协同治理, 多目标空间优化, 丽水市

Abstract:

Translating the global consensus on synergistic climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation into concrete, actionable local solutions has emerged as an urgent scientific and policy challenge. To develop a multi-objective spatial synergy optimization and governance framework applicable to local practice, this study took Lishui city in Zhejiang province as a case study. By integrating species distribution models with the systematic conservation planning tool Marxan, three synergistic scenarios were simulated: biodiversity-carbon stocks, biodiversity-carbon sequestration, and a tripartite scenario encompassing all three objectives. Based on the spatial overlap of these scenarios, three distinct types of synergistic governance zones were identified: Ecological Baseline Zones, Function Optimization Zones, and Key Enhancement Zones. The results demonstrate significant differences among these zones in terms of spatial distribution, ecological characteristics, and management implications. Spatially, the Ecological Baseline Zones are predominantly distributed in the western part of the study area, while the Function Optimization Zones and Key Enhancement Zones are mainly concentrated in the southern and eastern parts. Ecologically, the Ecological Baseline Zones are characterized by mature and stable ecosystems with large carbon stocks; the Function Optimization Zones represent ecosystems in a growth and restoration phase, exhibiting outstanding potential for carbon sequestration; and the Key Enhancement Zones are stable yet dynamic ecosystems, rich in species and featuring both high carbon storage and high carbon sequestration capacity. Accordingly, local spatial planning should progressively develop a differentiated governance strategy system of “green transformation-restoration enhancement-smart management”, implementing zone-specific measures such as conservation-oriented green transformation, value-added ecological restoration, and precisely targeted interventions.

Key words: Climate change mitigation, Biodiversity conservation, Synergistic governance, Multi-objective spatial optimization, Lishui city

王集春, 王爱华, 黄金丽, 张丰, 李仁强, 武建勇, 喻舒琳, 宁乐华, 刘蕾, 仲子玉. 气候变化缓解和生物多样性保护的空间协同优化布局——以丽水市为例[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2026, 22(4): 549-563.

WANG Ji-Chun, WANG Ai-Hua, HUANG Jin-Li, ZHANG Feng, LI Ren-Qiang, WU Jian-Yong, YU Shu-Lin, NING Le-Hua, LIU Lei, ZHONG Zi-Yu. From global goals to local action: identifying synergistic spaces for climate-biodiversity co-benefits in Lishui, China[J]. Climate Change Research, 2026, 22(4): 549-563.

图/表 12

图1 研究区区位及概况(a)研究区丽水市在浙江省及中国的区位图，(b)研究区海拔分布图，(c)研究区内土地利用格局图

Fig. 1 Location and overview of the study area. (a) Location of the study area (Lishui city) in Zhejiang province and China, (b) elevation distribution within the study area, (c) land use patterns within the study area

表1 本研究所用的生物气候变量

Table 1 Bioclimatic variables used in this study

表2 Mann-Kendall检验趋势类别

Table 2 Trend categories from the Mann-Kendall

图2 协同方案路线图

Fig. 2 Synergistic solution roadmap

表3 成本因子与数值设置表

Table 3 Cost factors and value settings

表4 物种保护比例设置表

Table 4 Conservation representation targets for species

图3 丽水市重点保护物种丰富度分布格局图

Fig. 3 Spatial pattern of richness for key protected species

图4 丽水市植被碳储量空间分布(a, b)与显著性趋势分析(c)

Fig. 4 Vegetation carbon storage (a, b) and significant trends (c)

图5 气候变化缓解与生物多样性保护协同区域

Fig. 5 Co-benefit areas for climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation

图6 不同功能导向的协同治理区域(a)通过3种协同情景空间叠加生成的综合协同治理分区，(b) 3类治理区的面积及其占全市面积的比例，(c)保护区内3类治理区占保护区总面积的比例及其占各类治理区总面积的比例

Fig. 6 Function-oriented synergistic governance areas. (a) Synergistic zones from scenario overlay, (b) areas of three zones and their percentages in Lishui’s total area, (c) areas of three zones within the nature reserve: percentage of reserve total and percentage of each zone’s own area

图7 协同治理区差异化管治策略注：“生多”为“生物多样性”的简称。

Fig. 7 Differentiated management strategies for synergistic governance regions

表5 不同治理维度下协同区的治理路径示例

Table 5 Illustrative governance pathways for synergistic zones across dimensions

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气候变化缓解和生物多样性保护的空间协同优化布局——以丽水市为例

From global goals to local action: identifying synergistic spaces for climate-biodiversity co-benefits in Lishui, China

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