自愿碳市场多主体漂绿行为分析及反制措施研究

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2026.057

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

自愿碳市场是引导气候资金分配的重要工具，近年来却因漂绿事件频发而面临诚信危机。中国核证自愿减排量（CCER）交易市场于2024年重启，正处于发展初期，必须正视漂绿隐患，完善相关制度设计。目前对自愿碳市场漂绿现象的研究，大多停留于碳信用项目评估或碳信用买方的虚假绿色营销，缺乏对漂绿行为的系统梳理。本文建立了自愿碳市场漂绿行为的整体分析框架，系统剖析了各参与主体的漂绿动机与行为模式，发现漂绿不仅存在于单一主体，更因多主体合谋而呈现出更强的隐蔽性和危害性。本文指出了漂绿现象背后自愿碳市场存在的制度性缺陷，结合国内外反制措施经验提出了针对性的政策建议，旨在推动我国CCER机制的高质量发展，成就我国碳市场双轮驱动模式，为全球碳市场建设贡献中国智慧和中国方案。

关键词: 漂绿, 自愿碳市场, 中国核证自愿减排量（CCER）, 信息披露, 监管机制

Abstract:

The voluntary carbon market serves as a crucial tool for guiding the allocation of climate finance. However, in recent years, it has faced a credibility crisis due to frequent greenwashing incidents. The Chinese Certified Emission Reduction (CCER) scheme, which was relaunched in 2024, is currently in its early stage of development. It is imperative to address the risks of greenwashing and improve the relevant institutional design. Existing attention to greenwashing in the voluntary carbon market remains limited, largely confined to evaluations of carbon credit projects or deceptive green marketing by credit buyers, lacking a systematic analysis of greenwashing behaviors. This paper establishes a comprehensive analytical framework for greenwashing in the voluntary carbon market, systematically dissecting the motivations and behavioral patterns of various stakeholders. It finds that greenwashing not only exists within individual entities but also becomes more covert and harmful through collusion among multiple stakeholders. The paper identifies the institutional deficiencies underlying greenwashing in the voluntary carbon market, and puts forward targeted policy recommendations based on the experience of countermeasures at home and abroad. The aim is to promote the high-quality development of the CCER mechanism, realize the dual-engine model for China’s carbon market, and contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions to global carbon market.

Key words: Greenwashing, Voluntary carbon market, Chinese Certified Emission Reduction (CCER), Information disclosure, Regulatory mechanisms

童星雨, 董骁, 吴彤, 杨文君. 自愿碳市场多主体漂绿行为分析及反制措施研究[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2026, 22(4): 584-594.

TONG Xing-Yu, DONG Xiao, WU Tong, YANG Wen-Jun. Analysis of greenwashing behaviour of multiple actors in the voluntary carbon market and research on countermeasures[J]. Climate Change Research, 2026, 22(4): 584-594.

图/表 3

图1 自愿碳市场主要参与者与运行框架

Fig. 1 Key participants and operational framework of the voluntary carbon market

表1 自愿碳市场主要参与者漂绿行为分析

Table 1 Analysis of greenwashing practices by key participants in the voluntary carbon market

图2 自愿碳市场中不同主体合谋漂绿的模式与影响

Fig. 2 Models and impacts of greenwashing collusion among different participants in the voluntary carbon market

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