实现碳中和目标涉及的科学问题

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2024.125

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出了与实现碳中和目标相关联的主要科学问题。从地球系统自然变化、碳中和与地球自然系统、碳中和与人为影响三方面，指出了实现碳中和目标需要提升的科学认识及其在实现碳中和目标中的作用。具体来说，在地球系统自然变化方面的科学问题包括地球自然系统碳循环、地球系统自然过程在气候变暖中的作用、古气候变化；在碳中和与地球自然系统方面的科学问题包括碳中和对地球自然系统的影响、气候变暖对温室气体辐射强迫的敏感性；在碳中和与人为影响方面的科学问题包括地球自然系统和社会经济系统的相互作用、清洁能源建设以及与其相关联的局地尺度大气变化及其影响、地球工程及其对地球自然系统的影响。对这些问题的深入认识，是合理有效应对和减缓气候变化的重要科学基础，将会对实现碳中和目标提供重要科学支撑。

关键词: 碳中和, 温控目标, 科学问题

Abstract:

The article proposes the main scientific issues associated with achieving carbon neutrality goal. The scientific understanding needed for achieving carbon neutrality goal and its role in supporting the achievement of this goal are comprehensively discussed focusing on three aspects of natural changes in the Earth system, the relationships between carbon neutrality and the natural Earth system, as well as between carbon neutrality and human activities. It is indicated specifically that the scientific issues related to natural changes in the Earth system include the understanding of carbon cycle in the Earth natural system, the role played by natural processes in climate warming, and paleoclimate change. The scientific issues related to the relationship between carbon neutrality and the Earth natural system include the impact of carbon neutrality on the Earth natural system, and sensitivities of climate warming to greenhouse gas radiative forcing. The scientific issues related to the relationship between carbon neutrality and human activities include interactions of the Earth natural system with socio-economic system, local-scale atmospheric variations associated with clean energy development and its impacts, as well as geoengineering and its influences on the Earth natural system. It is pointed out that an in-depth understanding of these issues will offer an essential scientific basis for adapting and mitigating climate change reasonably and effectively, which can provide an important scientific support in achieving the goal of carbon neutrality.

Key words: Carbon neutrality, Air temperature control targets, Scientific issues

张人禾. 实现碳中和目标涉及的科学问题[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2024, 20(6): 661-668.

ZHANG Ren-He. Scientific issues concerning the carbon neutrality[J]. Climate Change Research, 2024, 20(6): 661-668.

图/表 1

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