Abstract: Based on the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”, the UNFCCC has different requirements on national Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission inventories submitted by Annex I and Non-Annex I parties. Since 2007, transparency of mitigation actions of developing countries, and submission frequency of national communication cored on national inventory international consultation and analysis have become one of the key issues in climate negotiation. Relevant responsibility of developing countries showed an increasing trend. Through the analysis on these different requirements, particularly on technical review system for national inventories accepted by developed countries, and on current situation of China’s inventory development, this paper identifies the challenges faced by China and puts forward corresponding countermeasures.

Key words: climate negotation, greenhouse gas, national emission inventory, transparency