Abstract: Several representative studies on China’s carbon emission scenarios in 2050 were compared in some aspects, such as methodology, scenario settings, macro parameters, energy consumption, energy consumption structure, carbon emission and carbon intensity. Under the baseline scenario of present policy framework, future energy structure will be optimized and carbon emission intensity will decrease continually, but China’s carbon emission in 2050 still has a significant increase, and the carbon emission will reach 11.9-16.2 Gt CO2 in 2050. By strengthening low carbon policy, under comparative scenarios, the optimization of energy structure and the decline of carbon emission intensity will be more obvious; and the carbon emission in 2050 will decrease significantly, China’s carbon emission will be 4.3-9.5 Gt CO2 in 2050.