Research on carbon emission factors of regional and provincial power grids from 2005 to 2021

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2023.276

Abstract

Abstract:

The carbon emission factors of regional and provincial power grids are an important basis for accounting of the indirect carbon emissions of enterprise electricity consumption, but official data have problems of discontinuous time and long lag. In this paper, the regional and provincial power grid carbon emission factors from 2005 to 2021 were calculated by using the method published by the National Development and Reform Commission, People’s Republic of China. By comparing official data, the accuracy of the calculation results was verified. In-depth research was conducted on the distribution characteristics, change trends, and differences of emission factors, and application scenario analyses were conducted on the two types of emission factors. The results indicate that the carbon emission factors in regional power grids are higher in the northeast and lower in the southwest, carbon emission factors in provincial power grids are higher in the east and lower in the central and west, with an overall downward trend from 2005 to 2021. However, the inequality in low-carbon development between regions has intensified. The different power generation structures and input power sources in different provinces lead to significant differences in emission factors between provincial power grids and regional power grids. The emission factors of provincial power grids in eastern and central provinces are significantly higher than those of regional power grids, while the emission factors of western provinces are the opposite. To improve the accuracy of carbon emissions accounting for industry enterprises, priority should be given to selecting provincial power grid emission factors; to evaluate the emission reduction effectiveness of enterprises in various industries within the same region, it is necessary to avoid unfair issues caused by power differences in different provinces and prioritize the selection of regional grid emission factors.

Key words: Regional power grid, Provincial power grid, Carbon emission factor, Carbon emission accounting, Carbon emissions of electricity

WEI Xi-Kai, TAN Xiao-Shi, RUAN Jia-Tong, LIN Ming, QIN Lu, SUN Guo-Li, XIANG Ke-Qi, CHU Yao-Hui. Research on carbon emission factors of regional and provincial power grids from 2005 to 2021[J]. Climate Change Research, 2024, 20(3): 337-350.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1 The scope of regional power grid

Fig. 1 Net output power flow of regional power grid in 2021

Fig. 2 Net output power flow of provincial power grid in 2021

Table 2 Carbon emission coefficients of fuels

Table 3 Comparison between the calculated carbon emission factors of regional power grids from 2010 to 2012 and official data kg CO2/(kW·h)

Fig. 3 Carbon emission factors of regional power grids from 2005 to 2021

Fig. 4 Carbon emission factors of provincial power grids from 2005 to 2021

Fig. 5 Difference in carbon emission factors between regional and provincial power grids in 2005 and 2021

Table 4 Carbon emissions from smelting and pressing of nonferrous metals industries in provinces in 2021

Table 5 Carbon emissions from net electricity purchases by provinces in 2021

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