Construction of a daily precipitation dataset of 60 city stations in China for the period 1901-2019

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2022.006

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years, the change of extreme precipitation in China has received extensive attention, and related research has obtained a lot of results. However, the high-resolution precipitation data from the well-known datasets worldwide generally start around 1951 at present, lacking daily precipitation data in China in the early 20th century, so the characteristics and mechanism of extreme precipitation changes throughout China in the past 100 years are still unclear. Based on multiple sources of digital daily precipitation data from 1901 to 1950, through supplementing the previously unrecorded “no precipitation” and missing data, developing the quality control plans and carry out quality control work, filling in some missing and erroneous data, and combining the modern daily precipitation data since 1951, a dataset of daily precipitation was established for the past 119 years (1901-2019) of 60 city stations in China. The assessment results show that the stations in the eastern part of China are relatively dense, and the data integrity and correctness are better, but there are only a few stations in Western China and the integrity is low. The accumulated annual precipitation time series constructed by the dataset are basically consistent with the existing monthly precipitation datasets. Based on this dataset, it is found that there is no significant trend in precipitation and extreme precipitation at Chongqing station during the past 119 years, and the centennial long-term change characteristics of extreme precipitation in China can be further analyzed by using this dataset.

Key words: Observed data, Daily precipitation, Hundred-year time series, Extreme precipitation, China

ZHAN Yun-Jian, CHEN Dong-Hui, LIAO Jie, JU Xiao-Hui, ZHAO Yu-Fei, REN Guo-Yu. Construction of a daily precipitation dataset of 60 city stations in China for the period 1901-2019[J]. Climate Change Research, 2022, 18(6): 670-682.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 Geographic distribution and number of valid years for 60 stations from 1901 to 1950

Fig. 2 Variation of station numbers from 1901 to 2019

Fig. 3 Variation of the valid rate (a), correct rate (b), suspicious rate (c), the rate of data with different locations (d), and the rate of data estimated to be 0 (e) for 60 stations from 1901 to 2019

Fig. 4 Geographic distribution of the valid rate (a) and the correct rate (b) for 60 stations from 1901 to 2019

Fig. 5 Geographic distribution of the valid rate (a), the suspicious rate (b), the rate of data with different locations (c), and the rate of data estimated to be 0 (d) for 60 stations from 1901 to 1950

Fig. 6 Time series of annual precipitation accumulated by daily and monthly precipitation in Beijing (a) and regional average in China (b) from 1901 to 2019

Fig. 7 The spatial distribution of annual precipitation accumulated by daily (a) and monthly (b) in 1943

Table 1 The basic information, distance to Shapingba station, and the selection status in this dataset of all the meteorological observation stations before 1954 in Chongqing

Fig. 8 Time series of daily precipitation and the data source in Chongqing from 1901 to 2019

Fig. 9 Time series of annual precipitation (a), precipitation days (b), and precipitation intensity (c) above 0.1 mm in Chongqing from 1901 to 2019

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