气候变化研究进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (1): 53-60.doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2015.117

• 温室气体排放 • 上一篇    下一篇

碳税和碳交易机制的行业减排成本比较优势研究

王文军1,谢鹏程1,胡际莲2,王乐1,赵黛青1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院广州能源研究所
    2. 重庆三峡学院
  • 收稿日期:2015-06-12 修回日期:2015-10-10 出版日期:2016-01-30 发布日期:2016-01-30
  • 通讯作者: 王文军 E-mail:wangwj@ms.giec.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    广东省自然科学基金

Analysis of the Relative Mitigation Cost Advantages of Carbon Tax and ETS for the Cement Industry

Wang Wenjun1, Xie Pengcheng1, Hu Jilian2, Wang Le1, Zhao Daiqing1   

  1. 1 Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; 
    2 Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404000, China
  • Received:2015-06-12 Revised:2015-10-10 Online:2016-01-30 Published:2016-01-30

摘要:

碳税和碳交易机制是控制温室气体排放的环境管理工具,对工业行业的减排成本造成不同的影响。以污染控制政策的稳态总期望社会成本函数为基础构建碳减排成本函数,比较碳税和碳交易机制下水泥行业减排成本,发现影响两种环境管理工具成本的要素。以广东和山东水泥行业的实证数据进行模拟分析,得到如下结论:当碳价和碳税税率差距不大时,由于碳交易机制需要较高的建设成本,碳税更具成本优势;短期内,由于减排技术投入成本较高,与强制性的行政管理手段相比,碳交易机制更具成本效益;碳价、碳税税率、最佳可获得技术的价格、企业预期、碳交易建设与管理成本都会影响碳交易机制和碳税在减排成本上的比较优势。建议设计互补型碳排放管理政策组合,使碳税和碳交易机制发挥各自的制度优势。

关键词: 碳交易机制, 碳税, 减排成本, 水泥行业, 广东省

Abstract:

Both carbon tax and ETS are the environmental management tools to control greenhouse gas emissions, but they may bring different effects about mitigation cost for various industries. Building the GHGs mitigation cost function which based on the steady-state expect social cost function of pollution control policies, and employing it to compare the emission reductions cost of cement industry under the carbon tax or ETS to find the key influence factors for cutting cost. Taking Guangdong and Shandong provinces’cement industry as empirical example, the following conclusions can be conducted: when there is little difference between the carbon price and carbon tax rate, the carbon tax will be more cost effective than ETS, due to ETS’s higher construction cost. In the short term, because the higher cost of emission reductions of using new technology under mandatory administrative rules, ETS is more cost effective. There are some key factors to impact enterprise’s mitigation cost: carbon price, carbon tax rate, the price of the best available technology, enterprise anticipation, ETS construction costs, which will affect the comparative advantage of ETS and carbon tax on the emission reductions costs. At last, We suggest to design a kind of complementary carbon emission management policies, making the carbon tax and ETS play their respective advantages.

Key words: ETS, carbon tax, cost of emission reductions, the cement industry, Guangdong province

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