气候变化研究进展 ›› 2011, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (2): 110-115.

• 气候系统变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑龙江省1961—2009年极端气温事件变化特征分析

朱红蕊,刘赫男   

  1. 黑龙江省气候中心
  • 收稿日期:2010-07-27 修回日期:2010-09-06 出版日期:2011-03-30 发布日期:2011-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 朱红蕊 E-mail:hongrui_2008@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    自然科学基金

Characteristics of Extreme Temperature Events During 1961-2009 in Heilongjiang Province

  • Received:2010-07-27 Revised:2010-09-06 Online:2011-03-30 Published:2011-04-07

摘要: 选用世界气象组织公布的极端气候指数方法对1961—2009年黑龙江省8个极端气温指数进行计算和分析,得到黑龙江省极端气温事件的事实和变化特征。结果表明:黑龙江省近49年来夏日天数、极端最低气温、极端最高气温、暖夜指数和暖昼日数均呈上升趋势,而霜冻日数、冷夜指数和冷昼日数呈下降趋势。极端气温指数的变化存在明显的年际变化特征,并有突变发生。对黑龙江省气温升高来说,最低气温升高主要发生在20世纪80年代中期以后,而最高气温则在90年代以后上升明显。空间分布方面,极端气温指数在全区基本都呈一致的增大或减小分布。夜间增暖的幅度要大于白天增暖的幅度,夜间气温的上升对增暖的贡献更大。

关键词: 极端气温指数, 时空变化, 增暖, extreme temperature index, spatiotemporal change, warming

Abstract: Extreme temperature events in Heilongjiang Province during 1961-2009 and their variation characteristics were evaluated by using the 8 WMO extreme climate indices. The results show that, in recent 49 years, summer days (SU), extreme minimum temperature (TNN), extreme maximum temperature (TXX), warm nights (TN90) and warm days (TX90) displayed a significantly increasing tendency, while frost days (FD), cold nights (TN10) and cold days (TX10) showed a decreasing tendency. The TNN and TXX had obviously interannual variabilities, and abrupt changes. The increase in TNN mainly occurred after the mid-1980s, while the obvious rising in TXX occurred after 1990. Spatially, extreme temperatures showed a consistent increasing or decreasing tendency over the whole province. The rising of night temperature contributed more to the warming than day temperature.

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