气候变化研究进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (3): 278-292.doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2022.191
赵平伟1(), 段绍玲1, 史建武2(), 罗成鲜3, 张婧4, 钟珉菡5, 李四兰1, 陈静1
收稿日期:
2022-08-16
修回日期:
2022-10-05
出版日期:
2023-05-30
发布日期:
2023-04-28
通讯作者:
史建武,男,教授,shijianwu2000@sina.com
作者简介:
赵平伟,男,高级工程师,基金资助:
ZHAO Ping-Wei1(), DUAN Shao-Ling1, SHI Jian-Wu2(), LUO Cheng-Xian3, ZHANG Jing4, ZHONG Min-Han5, LI Si-Lan1, CHEN Jing1
Received:
2022-08-16
Revised:
2022-10-05
Online:
2023-05-30
Published:
2023-04-28
摘要:
基于ERA5 PBLH数据集、PM2.5观测数据和气温、相对湿度等多种气象观测资料,采用统计方法对1980—2020年云南省大气边界层高度(PBLH)变化特征、变化趋势,PM2.5浓度变化与PBLH的相关性进行系统分析。结果表明,受太阳直接辐射在一天中的变化影响,云南PBLH夜间变化平稳,白天波动较强;地气温差年代际变化与PBLH具有较好的一致性,2000年代至2010年代云南PBLH呈稳步升高趋势。降雨年内分布、地理位置的特殊性和天气系统等影响差异使得云南高海拔区域年内PBLH变化差异较小,干季PBLH较中、低海拔区仍明显偏低。云南四季PBLH大值中心多出现在昆明至楚雄,变化百分率多表现为增大趋势,春季整体增大趋势最明显,冬季变化百分率空间分布差异性最强。近地面层低温、高湿、弱风造成傍晚至夜间(18:00—01:00)PBLH快速下降,致PM2.5堆积到近地面层,PBLH对PM2.5浓度影响随之增强。各州/市PBLH与PM2.5的相关性和相关程度随季节和时次不同存在一定差异,02:00和08:00 PBLH与PM2.5基本表现为负相关,相关程度整体高于14:00和20:00;人类活动较多的昆明和曲靖夏、秋、冬季表现出更高负相关。
赵平伟, 段绍玲, 史建武, 罗成鲜, 张婧, 钟珉菡, 李四兰, 陈静. 云南大气边界层高度演变及其与PM2.5变化相关性分析[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2023, 19(3): 278-292.
ZHAO Ping-Wei, DUAN Shao-Ling, SHI Jian-Wu, LUO Cheng-Xian, ZHANG Jing, ZHONG Min-Han, LI Si-Lan, CHEN Jing. Analysis on the evolution of atmospheric boundary layer in Yunnan province and its effect on the change of PM2.5 concentration[J]. Climate Change Research, 2023, 19(3): 278-292.
图2 2015—2020年不同时次5个探空站点资料计算得到的PBLH和ERA5 PBLH对比 注:图中子图为08?00、14?00和20?00 ERA5和5个探空站点计算的PBLH散点密度图。
Fig. 2 Comparison of ERA5 planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) and PBLH calculated from 5 sounding stations at different times from 2015 to 2020
图4 云南PBLH各季节(a)、各年代日内变化(b)及四季地气温差变化分布(c) 注:地气温差指0 cm地表温度与1.5 m气温的差。
Fig. 4 Seasons of Yunnan PBLH (a), daily changes of years (b) and distribution of changes in ground temperature difference in four seasons (c)
图6 1980—2020年云南四季PBLH空间分布(a~d)及变化趋势(e~h) 注:图上打点区域表示线性趋势通过0.01的显著性检验。
Fig. 6 Spatial distribution of PBLH (a-d) and its changing trend (f-h) in Yunnan during 1980-2020 in all seasons
图7 2015—2020年云南各州市四季年均PM2.5和PBLH空间分布 注:图中圆圈大小表示对应的PM2.5浓度>75 μg/m3年均污染日数的多少;图上数值为城区PBLH值,单位为m。
Fig. 7 Spatial distribution of annual average PM2.5 concentration and PBLH in all seasons in Yunnan from 2015 to 2020
图8 2015—2020年云南四季PM2.5对气温(a0~d0)、相对湿度(a1~d1)、10 m最大风速(a2~d2)和PBLH联合依赖性图
Fig. 8 Combined dependence diagram of PM2.5 concentration of air temperature (a0-d0), relative humidity (a1-d1), 10 m maximum wind speed (a2-d2) and PBLH in Yunnan’s four seasons from 2015 to 2020
图9 2015—2020年云南四季不同时次PM2.5与PBLH间相关系数空间分布 注:图中图例右上角标有*表示对应时次未通过0.01显著性检验。
Fig. 9 Spatial distribution of Pearson correlation coefficient between PM2.5 and PBLH for different times in the four seasons of Yunnan from 2015 to 2020
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