气候变化研究进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 9-16.doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2019.216

• 气候变化与土地有关问题的最新认知专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

IPCC《气候变化与土地特别报告》对陆气相互作用的新认知

贾根锁   

  1. 中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-16 修回日期:2019-10-19 出版日期:2020-01-30 发布日期:2020-01-15
  • 作者简介:贾根锁,男,研究员, jiong@tea.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大项目(41590853)

New understanding of land-climate interactions from IPCC special report on climate change and land

Gen-Suo JIA   

  1. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2019-09-16 Revised:2019-10-19 Online:2020-01-30 Published:2020-01-15

摘要:

IPCC向全球正式发布了其最新的《气候变化与土地特别报告》(SRCCL),从陆气相互作用、荒漠化、土地退化、粮食安全、综合变化和协同性、可持续土地管理等方面评估气候变化与土地的相互关联。报告是在IPCC 3个工作组共同主导下,首次系统评估气候变化与陆面过程和土地利用/土地管理之间的相关作用。报告的评估结果表明,全球陆地增温幅度接近全球海陆平均值的两倍,气候变化加重了综合土地压力,并严重影响全球粮食安全,而全球很多区域的极端天气气候事件频率/强度持续增加,加重了农业生产的灾害风险和损失。采取行业间和国家间协同一致的行动,通过可持续土地管理,可以有效地适应和减缓气候变化,同时减轻土地退化、荒漠化和粮食安全的压力。

关键词: 气候变化, 影响, 陆面过程, 气候效应, 生态系统, 土地管理

Abstract:

IPCC released its new assessment report entitled IPCC special report on climate change and land (SRCCL) in August 2019. SRCCL is a joint effort of three IPCC working groups and an integrated assessment of interactive changes of climate and land cover/use, including changing climate on land, climate change impacts on terrestrial ecosystems and land use, as well as land-based climate change adaptation and mitigation. SRCCL focuses on new understanding on land-climate issues since AR5, with special attention on issues related to desertification, land degradation, and food security. The key findings of SRCCL include: land surface air temperature risen two times faster than the global mean surface temperature, shifting climate regimes in the Arctic and drylands, synergies in response of terrestrial ecosystems and land use to climate change, trade-off between food security and bioenergy in climate change mitigation, and urgent needs for coordinated actions across regions and sectors. It provides clear message for policy makers on risks from potential impacts of global temperature rise on elements of the land system and potential global contribution of response options to mitigation, adaptation, combating desertification and land degradation, and enhancing food security.

Key words: Climate change, Impacts, Land surface process, Climate effects, Ecosystem, Land management

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