气候变化研究进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (5): 522-528.doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2018.092

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发达国家2020年前应对气候变化行动和支持力度盘点

祁悦1(),柴麒敏1(),刘冠英1,樊星1,钟洋2,马爱民1   

  1. 1 国家应对气候变化战略研究和国际合作中心,北京 100038
    2 知合环境发展有限公司,北京 100015
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-19 修回日期:2018-07-13 出版日期:2018-11-30 发布日期:2018-09-30
  • 作者简介:祁悦,女,助理研究员, qiyue@ncsc.org.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国清洁发展机制基金赠款项目()“基于《公约》信息报告体系的应对气候变化国别研究与评估”(2014096)

A stock-take on developed countries’ pre-2020 climate action and support

Yue QI1(),Qi-Min CHAI1(),Guan-Ying LIU1,Xing FAN1,Yang ZHONG2,Ai-Min MA1   

  1. 1 National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation, Beijing 100038, China
    2 Zenity Environment Development Co. LTD., Beijing 100015, China
  • Received:2018-06-19 Revised:2018-07-13 Online:2018-11-30 Published:2018-09-30

摘要:

在应对气候变化问题上,发达国家有率先减排和为发展中国家提供气候资金支持的义务。根据《联合国气候变化框架公约》相关成果,发达国家做出了到2020年减排温室气体和每年动员1000亿美元气候资金的承诺,综合相关数据信息盘点了上述承诺的实施进展,结果显示发达国家2020年减排目标力度不足,核算规则不清晰,部分国家缺乏减排进展,气候资金的概念和范围尚有争议,现有气候资金规模与承诺仍有较大差距,《联合国气候变化框架公约》下资金机制作用仍待加强,并且发展中国家需要更大规模的气候资金支持。发达国家2020年承诺兑现不力不利于巩固多边进程各方互信,且有向发展中国家转嫁责任之嫌。为此,建议中国在国际气候谈判进程中,依托谈判联盟,进一步敦促发达国家履行2020年承诺并提高力度。

关键词: 减排力度, 气候资金, 2020年前

Abstract:

To combat global climate change, developed countries should take lead in mitigating GHG emissions and provide financial support to developing countries. According to the UNFCCC and its outcomes, developed countries have committed quantified economy-wide emission reduction targets and pledged to mobilize annually US\$100 billion climate finance by 2020. Based on various data sources, a stock-take on the progress in achieving those targets has been conducted, and it shows that developed countries ’ 2020 mitigation targets are lack of ambition, the accounting rules of the targets are still unclear, and some of the developed countries are not on track to meet their 2020 targets; on finance, the definition and scope of climate finance are contentious. The current estimation of climate finance flows shows a significant gap comparing with the US $100 billion target. The finance mechanisms under the UNFCCC need to be further strengthened and the financial needs of developing countries are still rising. The gap in honoring 2020 targets of developed countries could harm the trust among Parties and could be seen as an intention to shift the obligations to developing countries. Therefore, in the UNFCCC process, China and its developing country allies should keep urging developed countries to honor their 2020 commitments and enhance ambition.

Key words: Mitigation ambition, Climate finance, Pre-2020

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