基于混合LCA的新疆地区电力生产水足迹分析及碳中和目标下的变化

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2021.274

气候变化研究进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3): 294-304.doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2021.274

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基于混合LCA的新疆地区电力生产水足迹分析及碳中和目标下的变化

闫书琪¹, 李素梅¹, 吕鹤¹, 陈莎¹(), 刘影影¹, 王宏涛², 刘会政³, 陈前利⁴

1 北京工业大学环境科学系,北京 100124
2 中国质量认证中心,北京 100070
3 北京工业大学经济与管理学院,北京 100124
4 新疆农业大学管理学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2021-12-06 修回日期:2022-01-13 出版日期:2022-05-30 发布日期:2022-04-29
通讯作者: 陈莎
作者简介:闫书琪,男,硕士研究生。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFF0215700)

Water footprint analysis of electricity production in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region based on a hybrid LCA model and its changes under carbon neutralization target

YAN Shu-Qi¹, LI Su-Mei¹, LYU He¹, CHEN Sha¹(), LIU Ying-Ying¹, WANG Hong-Tao², LIU Hui-Zheng³, CHEN Qian-Li⁴

1 Department of Environmental Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
2 China Quality Certification Center, Beijing 100070, China
3 College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
4 College of Management, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2021-12-06 Revised:2022-01-13 Online:2022-05-30 Published:2022-04-29
Contact: CHEN Sha

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新疆是我国电力生产的主要地区,同时存在严重的水资源短缺问题。作为综合评价指标,水足迹可以用来量化分析电力生产中的水资源消耗及其水环境影响。文中基于投入产出和生命周期的混合生命周期模型对新疆地区2012年和2017年电力生产水足迹进行了量化研究,并对不同发电技术的水足迹贡献部门进行了分析。结果发现：因电力生产结构的变化和燃煤发电技术革新,新疆电力生产的单位水足迹由2012年的4.26×10^-3 m³/(kW∙h)下降到2017年的3.08×10^-3 m³/(kW∙h)。对不同发电技术的水足迹贡献部门分析发现,煤电和水电的间接水足迹分别主要来自采矿业和重工业,占比分别为60.3%和52.8%。风电和光伏发电的间接水足迹分别主要来自重工业和轻工业,占比分别为38.1%和56.0%。最后针对碳中和目标下新疆电力结构转型带来的水足迹变化进行分析,2017—2050年高比例的可再生能源发电将使新疆电力生产单位水足迹下降75%。

关键词: 水足迹, 电力生产, 混合生命周期评价, 投入产出, 碳中和

Abstract:

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, as a major region for power production in China, also has a severe scarcity of water resources. Water footprint is a widely used comprehensive indicator that quantifies one area’s water consumption in the electricity production and its impact on the water environment. This paper used a combined model based on input-output and life cycle analysis to quantitatively analyze Xinjiang’s water footprint of power production in 2012 and 2017, and also investigated the water footprint contribution departments of various power generation technologies. The findings revealed that the water footprint per unit of electricity generation in Xinjiang decreased from 4.26×10^-3 m³/(kW∙h) to 3.08×10^-3 m³/(kW∙h) from 2012 to 2017 due to the change of electricity production structure and technological innovation of thermal power generation. We also discovered that the indirect water footprints of coal power and hydropower were primarily from mining and heavy industry, accounting for 60.3% and 52.8%, respectively, after analyzing the water footprint contribution departments of different power generation technologies. When it came to wind power and photovoltaic power generation technology, heavy industry and light industry accounted for 38.1% and 56.0% of the indirect water footprints, respectively. Furthermore, the high proportion of renewable energy generation from 2017 to 2050 will reduce the unit water footprint of Xinjiang’s power production by 75%, according to the analysis of the changes in the water footprint influenced by the transformation of Xinjiang’s power structure under China’s carbon neutrality target.

Key words: Water footprint, Electricity production, Hybrid life cycle assessment (HLCA), Input-output analysis, Carbon neutrality

闫书琪, 李素梅, 吕鹤, 陈莎, 刘影影, 王宏涛, 刘会政, 陈前利. 基于混合LCA的新疆地区电力生产水足迹分析及碳中和目标下的变化[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2022, 18(3): 294-304.

YAN Shu-Qi, LI Su-Mei, LYU He, CHEN Sha, LIU Ying-Ying, WANG Hong-Tao, LIU Hui-Zheng, CHEN Qian-Li. Water footprint analysis of electricity production in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region based on a hybrid LCA model and its changes under carbon neutralization target[J]. Climate Change Research, 2022, 18(3): 294-304.

图/表 9

表1 部门合并情况

Table 1 Departmental consolidation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

图1 混合LCA的电力水足迹量化框架图

Fig. 1 Hybrid LCA framework for quantifying the water footprint of electricity production

表2 单位燃煤发电量蓝水阶段物质输入数据清单

Table 2 Material inventory of thermal power generation of blue water footprint

表3 单位燃煤发电量灰水阶段输出物质数据清单

Table 3 Material inventory of thermal power generation of grey water footprint

图2 2012—2017年新疆电力生产情况

Fig. 2 Status of electricity production in Xinjiang during 2012-2017

图3 2012年和2017年新疆不同发电技术水足迹

Fig. 3 Water footprint of power structure of Xinjiang in 2012 and 2017

表4 2017年不同发电技术间接水足迹贡献部门

Table 4 Indirect water footprint contribution departments of different power generation technologies in 2017

图4 2017—2050年新疆碳中和目标下电力结构变化

Fig. 4 Power structure change under carbon neutralization target in Xinjiang

图5 2017—2050年新疆碳中和目标下电力生产水足迹变化

Fig. 5 Water footprint of electricity production under carbon neutralization target in Xinjiang

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基于混合LCA的新疆地区电力生产水足迹分析及碳中和目标下的变化

Water footprint analysis of electricity production in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region based on a hybrid LCA model and its changes under carbon neutralization target

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