气候变化研究进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 196-204.doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2021.158

• 温室气体排放 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于飞行阶段的精细化航空二氧化碳排放因子研究

吕晨1(), 刘浩2, 徐少东3, 杨楠2, 杜梦冰4, 蔡博峰1   

  1. 1 生态环境部环境规划院碳达峰碳中和研究中心,北京 100012
    2 北京工业大学,北京 100124
    3 中国人民大学统计学院,北京 100872
    4 香港城市大学公共政策学系,香港 999077
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-09 修回日期:2021-12-12 出版日期:2022-03-30 发布日期:2022-02-07
  • 作者简介:吕晨,男,助理研究员, lvchen@caep.org.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家碳达峰与碳中和路径及其实施政策研究中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2021-HYZD-16-8)

Study on fine aviation carbon dioxide emission factors based on the flight phase

LYU Chen1(), LIU Hao2, XU Shao-Dong3, YANG Nan2, DU Meng-Bing4, CAI Bo-Feng1   

  1. 1 Center for Carbon Neutrality, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China
    2 Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
    3 School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
    4 Department of Public Policy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
  • Received:2021-08-09 Revised:2021-12-12 Online:2022-03-30 Published:2022-02-07

摘要:

航空运输是交通领域CO2排放增长最快速的部门。文中选择中国民航使用频率较高的超大型、大型、中型和小型飞机的典型机型,基于不同飞机在起飞、爬升、巡航、接近和滑行阶段引擎油耗速率、运行时间和油耗量的变化,计算航空飞机CO2排放因子。同时结合各机型碳排放因子、额定载客量与客座率评估旅客搭乘不同飞机时的人均CO2排放量(即单位客运周转量CO2排放因子)。结果显示,超大型飞机、大型飞机、中型飞机和小型飞机在其航程区间内的平均CO2排放因子分别为49.8、31.7、16.2和8.5 kg CO2/km;满载条件下单位客运周转量CO2排放因子均值分别为102.6、95.2、81.7和112.4 g CO2/(人∙km)。起飞和爬升阶段引擎油耗速率约为巡航阶段油耗速率的2.6~3.4倍和2.0~2.8倍,飞机CO2排放因子随飞行里程的提高而降低。航空运输是高碳客运方式,相同里程条件下,航空单位客运周转量CO2排放因子显著高于高铁、道路机动车等其他客运方式。提升燃油效率、减少短途航运、合理安排航线以提高客座率并减少中途转机是降低航空碳排放量的有效途径。

关键词: 航空运输, 客运周转量, CO2排放因子, 起飞—着陆循环, 巡航阶段

Abstract:

Air transport is the fastest-growing sector for carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the transportation field. In this study, typical aircrafts of super-large, large, medium, and small size were selected to calculate aviation CO2 emission factors, based on the change of engine fuel consumption rate, time consumption and fuel consumption of different aircraft during take-off, climb out, cruise, approach and taxiing stages. Meanwhile, the per capita CO2 emissions of passengers (CO2 emission factor per passenger turnover) on different aircraft were evaluated according to the CO2 emission characteristics, rated passenger capacity and passenger load of different aircraft. The results showed that the average CO2 emission factors of super-large, large, medium, and small size aircraft within their maximum mileage are 49.8, 31.7, 16.2 and 8.5 kg CO2/km, respectively, and the average CO2 emission factors per passenger turnover are 102.6, 95.2, 81.7 and 112.4 g CO2/(person∙km). Because the engine fuel consumption rate during take-off and climb out is about 2.6-3.4 times and 2.0-2.8 times of the cruise fuel consumption rate, the aviation CO2 emission factor decreases with the flight mileage increase. Air transport is a high carbon emission passenger transport mode, and its per capita CO2 emissions is significantly higher than that of high-speed railway and on-road motor vehicles under the same mileage. It is an effective way to reduce aviation CO2 emissions by improving engine fuel efficiency, reducing short-distance transport, improving the passenger loads and reducing midway transfers.

Key words: Air transport, Passenger turnover, Carbon dioxide emission factor, Land take-off (LTO) cycle, Cruise phase

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