夏季南亚高压及西太平洋副热带高压强度变化与前期海温异常的关系

doi:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2017.069

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文利用1951—2010年NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均资料研究了热带海表面温度对南亚高压与西太平洋副热带高压发展变化的影响,得到以下主要结论：在两高压强年与暖海温年(两高压弱年与冷海温年)里,冬、春两季赤道印度洋、太平洋海温距平呈现显著的正?负?正(负?正?负)的厄尔尼诺(拉尼娜)现象,中南半岛附近的对流层高层产生异常西风(东风)气流,有利于(不利于)南侧异常反气旋环流的产生,从而促进（阻碍）南亚高压发展;菲律宾海域的对流层产生异常下沉(上升)气流,有利于(不利于)西北侧异常反气旋环流的产生,从而促进(阻碍)低层西太副高的发展。夏季,热带印度洋的暖海温（冷海温）有效地增加（降低）了当地的对流效应,使大气对流层温度增暖（减低),影响南亚高压与西太平洋副热带高压的发展。

关键词: 南亚高压, 西太平洋副热带高压（西太副高), 大气环流, 海温

Abstract:

The influence on both South Asia High (SAH) and the Western Pacifica Subtropical High (WPSH) during summertime is investigated in this paper with a development of a tropical sea surface temperature (SST), based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1951 to 2010. Some reasons for both development of those two systems have been researched: When the systems are both strong and the SST is warm (the systems are week and the SST is cold), in the winter and spring season the equatorial Indian?Pacific SST anomaly shows a significant positive?negative?positive (negative?positive?negative) pattern, which is like the El Ni?o (La Ni?a) phenomenon. A high-level westerly (easterly) wind flows near Indochina troposphere, which is helpful (against) for anomalous anticyclonic circulation in the south, so as to promote (block) the development of SAH. The sinking (rising) flow in Philippine area is conducive (unfavorable) to the anomalous anticyclonic circulation in the northwest side, so as to promote (block) the development of lower WPSH. In summertime, warming of the tropical Indian Ocean SST increase (decrease) the local convection effect effectively, making the tropospheric temperature rising (reducing), which affects SAH and WPSH.

Key words: South Asia High, Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH), Atmospheric circulation, SST

冯琬, 范广洲, 龙妍妍. 夏季南亚高压及西太平洋副热带高压强度变化与前期海温异常的关系[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2018, 14(2): 111-119.

Wan FENG, Guang-Zhou FAN, Yan-Yan LONG. The influence of tropical ocean on the South Asia High and the Western Pacifica Subtropical High[J]. Climate Change Research, 2018, 14(2): 111-119.

图/表 9

图1 1951—2010年夏季南亚高压(a)、西太副高 (b)强度与逐月Ni?o3.4区海温指数、IOBMI指数超前滞后的相关注：横线以上部分通过95%的信度水平检验。

Fig. 1 Monthly lead-lag correlation of the SAH (a), WPSH (b) intensity with Ni?o3.4 index and IOBMI index during 1951-2010

表1 夏季高压强度与前一年冬季Ni?o3.4区海温的配合

Table 1 A combination of summer high intensity and the former winter SST in Ni?o3.4

图2 夏季南亚高压与西太副高同强年与暖海温年、冷海温年的全球海表温度距平合成注：阴影代表信度超过95%的区域,下同。

Fig. 2 The global sea surface temperature anomaly synthesis for a strong summer SAH and WPSH both in warm SST and cold SST pattern

图3 夏季南亚高压与西太副高同强年与暖海温年的200 hPa和850 hPa风场距平合成

Fig. 3 The wind anomaly synthesis for a strong summer SAH and WPSH and warm SST at 200 hPa and 850 hPa

图4 夏季南亚高压与西太副高同弱年与冷海温年、暖海温年的全球海表温度距平

Fig. 4 The global sea surface temperature anomaly synthesis for a weak summer SAH and WPSH both in cold SST and warm SST pattern

图5 夏季南亚高压与西太副高同弱年与冷海温年的200 hPa和850 hPa风场合成图

Fig. 5 The wind anomaly synthesis for a weak summer SAH and WPSH and cold SST at 200 hPa and 850 hPa

图6 高压同强的暖海温年(a)、高压同弱冷海温年(b)冬季纬向环流沿10°S~0°的经度-高度剖面图（垂直速度扩大了100倍）

Fig. 6 The zonal circulation along the height in 10°S-0°of the strong high and warm SST (a), weak high and cold SST (b) in winter (the vertical velocity expanded by 100 times)

图7 高压同强的暖海温年(a)、高压同弱冷海温年(b)春季纬向环流沿0°~10°N的经度-高度剖面图（垂直速度扩大了100倍）

Fig. 7 The zonal circulation along the height in 0°-10°N of the strong high and warm SST (a), weak high and cold SST (b) in spring (the vertical velocity expanded by 100 times)

图8 夏季印度洋海盆膜指数与850~100 hPa对流层温度（等值线)、风场的相关系数图

Fig. 8 The correlation coefficients of IOBMI in summer and 850-100 hPa tropospheric temperature (contour) and wind field (vector diagram)

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